Tuesday, November 23, 2010

Catchy Title For Paper Towel Science Project

Creativity First: Do it yourself "Flying Ego Cam" Take your

A few months ago, I privately experimented a bit with camera effects and always wanted to know, and try or how to implement a "Flying Cam ego" itself.

how this will result in the following video you can see what I shot for one of my personal songs. I think it clarified very well what I want out.

After I showed the video to my friends, were very many questions as I've been doing. Therefore, the decision to publish my nocturnal ideas. Maybe there's someone feels inspired by implementing their own constructs.


Who wants to know how this effect - with few resources - but can easily and quickly be implemented, may simply read on. : D
Basically it is ultra-simple. My requirements for the design were:
  • largely independent from the upper body with
  • "Commercial" means feasible
  • simple, transportable and reproducible construction
  • should have both hands free solution
All I end up with
  • a snap hook
  • a microphone stand
  • a ball-adapter microphone on camera threads ('s on Thomann)
That's it.
Because pictures speak louder than words, here are some impressions. And yes, the design is shaky and you need a little practice to guide her back the balance of the camera, but the result speaks for itself! I think.

The clasp on the belt. From the tripod microphone stand off.

A free-floating camera in 5 minutes. Cost point for me: 0

Have you sometimes crazy ideas. Whether video, audio or text? Did you this blog post, perhaps inspired to try their own things? Share it with the world. Be inspired. You will be thankful. I, for one. Until next time will


Then I walk around it a little bit on the road. 'm Looking forward to the attention of passers : D

your John

Wednesday, September 15, 2010

Replacment Samsung Tv Botom Cover

Jet engine, the energy efficient movement

No other transportation system could achieve within a century such a huge step forward as the aviation industry. Progress in terms of technological possibilities, the safety, environmental friendliness and the number of aircraft movements and passenger kilometers. From a technological perspective, the engine to the essential core of aviation.


Historical background:


The most influential of all the technological advances in aviation have been made in Germany just before and during the Second World War. The completely demilitarized after the First World War, disenfranchised and tortured people was only after the termination of the Versailles Diktat bloom again, causing a veritable wave of modernization in all areas. "Not the mother of invention" The principle was the new phase of enlightenment flooded with new inventions with the renaissance hotel tradition, was not neglected. In similar style as the outlet of the 20th against globalization Century, computer technology has promoted, developed in aviation due to the enormous needs of rearmament Third Reich. However, even gave the sensational discovery of Turbojettriebwerks not the German victory. Through the "patent theft" in the mid 40's years, all building plans came German Waffen and aircraft systems in Allied hands, these replicas in any version. Thus the similarity of the aviation industries on both sides of the Iron Curtain plausible, just that the "Comet" (the first jet-powered passenger aircraft of Boeing in 1950) virtually identical replica of German Jumo-004 engines possessed. The increasing traffic density and the associated environmental impacts, together with the oil crisis forced the aviation industry to new innovations, which led ultimately to the fact that we are now pushed by turbofan engine through the world.


operating principle of an engine:

works basically an engine with all the processes like the reciprocating engine: intake of air, compress, burn oxygen-fuel mixture and exhaust will eventually turn emit. The difference with the piston engine is simply that these four processes progress simultaneously parallell to each other.

In a classical turbo-jet engine, the ambient air from the compressor (rotors in the front) is drawn in and compacted. A higher number of compression stages (rotors shifts in a row) guarantees generally have a higher compression pressure. The first engines had 8 stages, reaching a positive pressure in relation to External pressure of 3.1: 1, a Boeing passenger plane engine has 17 steps and compresses the air in the ratio 12.5: 1, the new Airbus A380 has 14 steps and reaches a density of 44: 1 In the middle of the engine is the combustion chamber where the compressed air is mixed with fuel and ignited. This results in modern engines, an operating temperature of up to 1,800 K (1,527 ° C =), so a further pressure is generated. This pressure is used before the ejection process in order to drive the turbine, which drives the compressor via a shaft forward. When this cycle under way, the compressed gas is expelled through the exhaust nozzle. At the exit point from the nozzle relaxed, the pressure is on the ambient pressure, so that the gas expands and accelerates in the ejection direction.


calculations / figures:

That the above picture ended Arado 234B, the first prototype in 1939, mass production of 1942-45 for the German Air Force , a speed of 870 km / h, a cruising altitude of 11,000 m and reached a range of 2,000 km, can nachgoogeln each. Interestingly, it is but if its performance is taken a closer look at what the general knowledge may be in the field of aviation technology is essential.

By thermodynamic basis of the experiment's Rüchardt the pressure can be calculated with the first compressed and heated gas is then ejected back. Do we have the operating system, the formula: {(T_inside / T_outside) ^ k = (p_inside / p_outside) ^ (k-1))} (k = 1.4). This allows compression temperature and pressure increase calculated by the combustion. Be neglected while the systemic heat loss and possible gas-dynamic changes. Calculated If the heat of compression: Druckadiabat charge; {(300'000Pa / 100'000Pa) ^ 0.4 = 1.55}, T-ratio (assuming that outside temperature is 27 ° C, which is 300K); {(T_inside/300K ) ^ 1.4 = 1.55}. conversion; {1.55 ^ (1/1.4) = 1.3675}. insertion; {1.3675 * 300 = 410K = T_inside }. On the assumption that the starting temperature in the combustion chamber at Jumo-004 engines 1'050K, the resulting pressure can be calculated after ignition (gas temperature is always lower than combustion chamber temperature of 1,650 K, because the gas does not absorb the gant enthalpy): 1 3.73 ^ {(: T_ratio adiabatically: {(1'050K / 410K) ^ 1.4 = 3.73} , inversion formula p / 0.4) = 9.26} , based on the compressor pressure: {300'000Pa * 9.26 = 8'063'800 Pa } , which is more than 80 - fold the atmospheric pressure.



After deduction can reduce the pressure in the turbine the exit velocity calculated by the following formula: { V_OUT = sqrt (2 * delta_p / rho)} [sqrt = "root"]. With a Junkers Jumo 004 jet engine with an efficiency of around 12% can therefore estimate that the pressure difference between turbine and outside air is about 1'000'000Pa used this value in the formula and a rho value of 1.3, this gives an ejection speed of 1,240 m / s. The A380, it is 1,850 m / s, which is almost the value of a rocket - borders (2 4.5 km / s).

If you want to exit from the calculated speed, the thrust of an engine charge, one needs the Flow [Iv] { V_OUT *} A_düse (A = area in m ^ 3) and the Flüchtgkeitsfaktor [f] {f = (delta_p / Iv ^ 2)} . The performance can now by the product of {f * Iv ^ 3} derive . As an example, calculate the starting performance of the above graduated Arado 234B twin-engine (thrust nozzle exit faces total 0.002 m ^ 2, jet print 10 x atmospheric pressure): = {delta_p 1'100'000Pa-100'000Pa 1'000'000Pa =} = sqrt {V_OUT } (2 * 1,000,000 / 1.3) = 1,240 m / s} {1'240m / s * 0.002m ^ 2 = 2.5m ^ 3 / s = Iv, {1'000'000Pa / ( 2.5 ^ 2) = 160,000 = f}, {160,000 * (2.5 ^ 3) = 2,500,000 watts }. (Comparative A380: 66'000'000 W).

If we estimate the shear force, you take this power and then divide by the exceedingly high speed 240 m / s; 2,500,000 {W / 240 m / s = 10,400 N }. This estimate is the one declared on wikipedia.com 9,800 N thrust force per Jumo-004 engine close relative if one considers that occur in reality, the operations are not 1-1 after the theoretical model, such as the gas does not desquamated clean air, but a gas mixture, which is dynamically different gas behaves slightly differently than air, would also clean up various rounding differences.



turbofan engine:




In contrast to the works of the turbofan Turbojettriebwerk an essential part of the fan. It is not the whole aspirated air through the compressor and combustor sent, but some is passed around in the casing to the drive core, which gives a recoil principle as a prop . This technological device requires an additional drive shaft, and is therefore something mechanical anfwändiger, But they paid out more than once. Apart from the amazing energy efficiency (up to 40% efficiency, which is for an internal combustion engine is very high), it reduces noise and vibration can resolve many problems in the transmission. In recent decades, only produced turbofan engine.



advantages of the "bypass air" - Technology:




as "bypass air" is referred to the flow of air from the fan slightly compressed outside the shell around the core is sent. Increasingly, in the engine technology of the proportional share of increased air bypass, as it they can use with increasing efficiency of the engine more efficient.



The trick to reduce this technology aircraft noise is that the cold-paid "bypass flow" is behind the nozzle with the hot combustion stream mixing and friction noise between the hot and cold air causes the most part within the engine shell . The sound can be retained by a kind of shock.

What in this system contributes to energy saving, is the prevention of movements of rotors in supersonic speed, as occur when breaking the sound walls, gas-dynamic losses.



example, the turbine and compressor of an introduced above Junkers Jumo-004 engine, 9,000 revolutions per minute, equivalent to 150 U. / s appropriate and that an angular velocity of 942 rad / s. Because these turbines and compressors have a radius of about 30cm, can be combined with 0.3 * 942 = 283 m / s, 1,017 km / h, calculate the velocity at the outer edge of the circle. Speed of sound is about 343m from / s, so as far more problematic. However, when the flying object goes out and wants to look at the absolute top speed of the rotors, you must use the following formula: { v_absolut = sqrt (v_plane ^ 2 + (w * r) ^ 2)} (w = Winkelgeschwindgkeit). Substituting the numbers, you will find that one at a speed of 190m / s, which is 684 km / h comes to the sound barrier, which thus explains why he exceed 700km / h only with considerable effort and also to 11,000 m its max. Cruising speed of 870 km / h was able to maintain long-term.

nice to know: The speed of sound can be [c] by the formula {c = sqrt (k * R * T)} calculated (R = 287), so it is much more dependent on temperature than on the air composition. Speed of sound is thus to 11,000 m above sea level. only at 297 m / s.

For larger engines, eg for Passenger aircraft, would have such a compressor has a radius of 0.5m, resulting in an angular velocity of 942 rad / s outside of a speed of 417m / s, which is 1'696 km / h, which is significantly higher in the supersonic range. This would cause movement-related energy losses, although the machine itself is not even moving. Precisely for this reason, the turbofan, the ingenious solution to work with a transmission of two waves: an inner, rapidly rotating shaft, which drives the compressor and provides for the combustion. In the opposite direction, the shaft rotates slowly with the large radius, so the blower is operated. The two counter-rotating shafts resemble their angular momentum to each other out, so a big vibration problem is solved.



basic distinction between "high-bypass" and "low-bypass - construction. The latter is the name for turbofan engine, where more air through the combustion going around the outside as, in modern high-bypass engines leads to over 80% of the incoming air mass through the jacket around the core. The proportional distribution of air in the different channels is variable, once the acceleration phase of the machine is finished running the engine power of about 30% of their capacity, so the engine needs less air in the combustion chamber.



afterburner



normal aircraft engines usually allow any flights at supersonic speeds. Once Mach 1 is reached approximate forms in front of the moving body with a disproportionately increased air resistance. One speaks of a "sound barrier", which makes it difficult for energy technology to break through them. If you want to do this but you need a so-called afterburner. This is a kind of further combustion chamber outside the flying object.

Due to the great heat in the engine more air is sucked in, as would be necessary for ideal combustion. The exhaust of an aircraft is thus oxygen. This oxygenation is utilized with the afterburner, and generates a further boost. The picture of these two Mirages, the flame of burning residual oxygen is clearly visible. Besides the fact that he works with air, the afterburner effect on a similar principle as a rocket engine, ie the emission rate is within the Earth's atmosphere at about 4,500 m / s.. The reason why only a few suitable for military supersonic aircraft fly faster than 2,000 kilometers per hour, often lack the technological limitations, but the hot wall. One goes beyond this, If the material is stressed because of the enormous heat, which arises from the friction with the air. From an efficiency of energy use her but it is nonsense to exceed Mach 1 just as the use of an afterburner around the 10 - times the normal consumption of fuel as an engine. As versatile as the aviation technology may be, it is always to balance the purposes for which what is most reasonable.



images / sources:

Images:
of-werftverein.de
altavista.com pictures /
luftarchiv.de

technical data:
sfa.de
aboutfacts.net
Royal Air Force Museum London

formula / basis:
f lectures System Physics . aviation, ZHAW
script, Aeronautical Science, QMU

Saturday, September 11, 2010

What Crazy Things Do Fraternities Do

with this man on an album - immediately - otherwise I do it.

A fresh tip this time from our neighboring country of Poland. A real top technician on his instrument, despite all the lyrical, airy style of play - Adam Repucha.

Granted, I understand his texts only partially or hardly any. But what is more important - the emotion comes from anyway. It touches. For me always a sure sign of an extraordinary artist with long-term chances of success. That is why you let him tell a short story, even if you might not understand what is involved in it.


If you're like me and think that this music deserves a proper recording of an album, let me know. I like to put the stuff to get him to Germany for recordings. to drive as I'm also from Poland. At least for a day. If the major labels do not want to produce it. For me he is certainly warmly welcome at any time.

Zapraszam Thurs Berlina, Adam.

Monday, September 6, 2010

How To Write Community Service Letter For School

Interesting Statistics for Last.fm - artists and labels.

That so interesting But facts must always hide behind so deep inscrutable menu items. Undercurrent of criticism? So it should not now go for now. Today, I would just share with you an interesting statistic that each of the one Last.fm artist or label has account can understand. Maybe interesting for you. You're a musician, songwriter or a band and always wanted to know where you are sometimes compared to the "greats" in the biz? Check it out.
The following statistics show, according Last.fm the "popularity on Last.fm " of the artist. What does that mean exactly is a little gray area, but I'll just go strong assumption that the number of scrobbled tracks - it is called when someone logs on your track Last.fm - has a major influence on it. The number of listeners is certainly a decisive factor.

interesting about the statistics, I think I created, for example, that the good Lena but "surprisingly" bad cuts. Real Desktop mind you. Or has also Grönemeyer protege Clueso he himself has long been sought in relation to the audience on Last.fm . That the Heroes the time passes by almost no one was to be expected. Tokio Hotel remains here without comment.

How to get such statistics? You have in your Last.fm Artist / Label Account click promotion and launch a new Powerplay campaign. It usually costs money, but do not worry for the statistics you have to pay anything. Easy to configure a campaign, but does not start. This is in the following menu:

Who wants to really know these statistics, adds just added his own band, or the friend. Exciting is not it? I entertaining all guess and if you've read thus far, but it tried it yourself again. But do not be disappointed if you in the end worse than our "Hero of the Nation" Lena cuts. scrobble happy -

that in mind.

Thursday, August 26, 2010

Blondie Nites Dresses 2010

stereo processing from the perspective of a Grammy-award winner.

professional cook only with water. A few recipes are simple but good. These and other wisdom I had to confirm see as a few weeks ago Greg Zielinsky, in his capacity Grammy Award winner (Leonard Bernstein, Candide) and International Recording Applications Manager at Sennheiser , was with us in State Institute for Music Research Berlin a guest.

Apart from the actual job, to make guitar recordings for the audio guide for the upcoming special exhibition "The World of Guitar" of the connected music instrument museum I could pick up in the trappings many interesting techniques, philosophies and ideas and would like to become a little talk out of school.


there who cares. The guitar recordings, which from the 23rd to September in the Museum hear are all recorded in Curt Sachs Hall of the Institute. Gregor preferred it a little AB consisting of two Neumann TLM67 to Nahmikrofonierung, and another stereo pair of very large base width consisting of two built specially made for him MKH800 TWIN for the room in just over 4 meters high and also about 4 meters away from the guitar. In between were also again as a stereo pair of two Sennheiser. So all in all six microphones worth plenty € 10,000 for an acoustic guitar.

But who's laughing now that must come to the exhibition in Berlin and listen to the recordings. The effort has really paid off. Not least because Gregory is a whole day setting up the microphones, the distances and the orientation Time has left, the result is well balanced in sound. Almost dimensional space and yet curiously, very tangible. .
Toll

reminds somehow of production techniques of the living legend Bruce Swedien , the nuances expressed in colors, and then come according to hearsay rates reached as follows: Hmm, maybe a little more green in the guitar fret sound and a lot more yellow to the drums , or something like that. It should be noted we are still talking of music production, not by Bob Ross.

I digress.

What I really wanted out, you is a small exclusive tip from the man himself to give up the path. Unspectacular but somehow fascinating and yet to be logical. It's theme is about stereo processing.

Suppose you import or recordet a stereo interleaved file, that is, left and right together on one track. Nothing unusual for main microphones or keys, for example.

Note that if you now manipulate the stereo balance on the then most existing balance control to compensate for example, XY-shifts the stereo width will be processed . Actually, if one wants only one channel up or quietly shift the perspective to make, but that did not happen.

the contrary, it is even worse. Using these interleaved balance stories, then mix the respective channel to have on the others. Phase problems and muddy sound are thus inevitable. In addition to the lower stereo width.

How to avoid that? Simply from the interleaved file make a split-file (any decent sequencer or editor should be able) and grab the resulting separate channels on two different tracks. A Pan Pan L and the other with R.

What has happened now following. Would one example, an XY perspective distortion to compensate or relocate the stereo picture makes it easy on the channel fader quieter. The stereo width remains. No phase problems or cancellations. Everything nice.

So simple but extremely useful.

I hope this shows you and me once again that one can influence something as simple grave by his sound. Positive and negative. In that sense.

It is not the technology that limits us in our work, but knowledge of it and the creativity to use it.

you later. Maybe I'll tell you yes a few tips from Mr. Zielinsky, if you want.

Thursday, August 19, 2010

Can Drinking Wine Cause Dark Stools

seven albums for the price of none. Download Question - General Fuzz Review

Today I have for fans of the balanced and harmonious, electronic musical taste a particularly good download tip. old All right, but always nice. A complete discography of the composer and sound aesthetic with the stage name General Fuzz. It offers all of his albums for free on his website. Yes, you read correctly.

You'd think, yes another one of those half-hearted electro artists whose tracks are not even good enough to land for 0.39 € in the iTunes Store on a B-Compilation and the actual full-time insurance sold.

Far from it. Very far.

What he has produced hand and foot. Is mature. Grow up. Varied. Honestly, I would like my electro-symphonic. With him the word album has a deeper meaning. Such a thing can be found in the era of single track purchases only rarely. Especially since the over-stimulation which had to accept the electronic music world in recent years.

His music is generally quite calm, relaxed and relaxed, but equally no less intense and attention to detail and playful. No time like the other. Panta Rhei. Everything flows. Thus, atmospheric pads joined to groovy Rhodes piano, intelligent drum arrangements to bubbling arpeggio bass.

supported by occasional guest appearances musician friends, the whole project is growing to the authentic epic. Sax and guitar recordings fit perfectly in its very harmonic progressions.

voice or text one looks in vain in his music, but that's a good thing. First, it is not at all in the fullness of sound and the rich diversity of his songs needed would make it broken, and secondly, it creates it again and again brilliant way , By the very subtle and extremely conscious use of effects and the resulting excellent sound design to tell stories without words. True to the motto of music is the pause between the notes.

General Fuzz I've discovered many years ago for me and I unfortunately never got him as a little thanks to show that he had me in many situations remain a faithful companion and musical.
is

Thanks to this location for this very inspiring music. Who wants to learn more about the music, production techniques and philosophy of General Fuzz and the artists of the experience behind that name, which is a Skype interview also very interesting podcast "Sounds Good" the Dutchman Hens Zimmerman to heart.

In that spirit, I say goodbye and again and remain with the desire for a longer shelf life time of extraordinary music.

For more music that sounds even after many years to come.

Spread the word. is Air, Massive Attack, Portishead, long car rides


Here:

For fans of http://www.generalfuzz.net the music from the General



gibt't Here the exclusive interview

Sounds Good Podcast Episode 7 - Electronic Music
by Hens Zimmerman, 2006

Sunday, August 15, 2010

Alcohol Swollen Tonsils After Drinking

fascination guitar exhibition of musical instruments Museum Berlin


23rd Special Exhibition September 2010 to 30th January 2011

The Musical Instrument Museum in Berlin opens its doors to classical music fans and headbangers, for romantics and jazz lovers, researchers and enthusiasts from all over the world for young and old.

than 150 priceless guitars from four centuries show the history of an instrument whose diverse musical use of the contradictions built like no other musical instrument else

The special exhibition "Fascination Guitar" taught alongside the guitar stand of Musical Instruments Museum, the history of the guitar in their historical range from the Baroque to the present. Starting with the guitar of the late 17th fünfchörigen Century, an instrument of Martin Kaiser from 1699 states that the exhibition through the centuries up to the Rickenbacher "Frying Pan", which marks the birth of the electric guitar in the 1930s. Special constructions of modern classical guitars and rarities from the area of German e-guitar making - Hofner, Framus, Hoyer and Hopf - round out the historical synopsis.

While histories of the development of the English guitar-making in the 19 Century, usually a central role is given particular emphasis to the special exhibition "Fascination Guitar" is on the as yet neglected and unexplored area of central Germany, southern German and Austrian guitar-making in the 19 Century.

addition to numerous events during the early music concert series Live, the researchers Orchestra, Jazz in the MIM, Jour fixe - music in the afternoon and master song heard occasionally in which even historical instruments from the Collection of Musical Instruments Museum, brings a bilingual audio tour in German and English with numerous musical examples, the collection of guitars to sound, and offers visitors to the exhibition explanatory Information about the history and construction of the instruments.

The special exhibition is from 23 September 2010 to 30 January 2011 daily except Monday to visit the museum opening times.



offers addition, the Music Instrument Museum, an interactive program to participate and learn to: Exhibition visitors of all age groups on Thursdays during the 14-day order 14 Clock the opportunity to participate in a workshop on classical guitar concert and a workshop on electric guitar (one for beginners).

integral part of the exhibition is an open guitar workshop. Wednesdays from 14-15 clock can be observed a Berlin Gitarrenbauerin at work.
On 22 January 2011 will take place in Curt Sachs Hall of the Music Instrument Museum, a public musicological symposium on guitar.

see the flyer for the exhibition you here [PDF, 3.5 MB] .


For further information see the exhibition flyer [PDF, 3.5 MB] .




RELATED EVENTS


Wednesday Opening Altwiener Schrammelmusik
with the Vienna ensemble malate Schrammeln Paul Fields and Thomas Gröger: violin, Peter Hirschfeld: Viennese guitar counterpoint, Rudolf malate: Viennese button accordion Admission free


Wednesday Free admission

Sunday
Theresia Bothe: soprano and guitar Admission: € 10, - / reduced € 6, -

Wednesday

guitar with Prof. Thomas Müller-Pering (University of the Arts and Academy of Music "Franz Liszt" Weimar) Free admission
Wednesday guitar music of the late Romantic guitar with Prof. Eugenia Kanthou
(Academy of Music Hanns Eisler Berlin)


Admission free Sunday
The researchers Orchestre Frank Hill, guitar Admission: € 10, - / reduced € 6, -



Thursday Homenaje a Joaquín Rodrigo Assumpta Mateu soprano, Heiko Ossig guitar
Admission: € 15, - / erm . € 10, -
Saturday


Sunday 6, - Thursday
Saturday weekly Thursday 9 Clock 15 and 10 clock 15
registration at Tel: 81-139 54 030.2


Participate guitar workshop for beginners from 30 September 2010 14-day clock Thursday 14
Open guitar workshop
from 29 September 2010 a week on Wednesdays 14-15 Clock

Do Professional Athletes Wear Cups

What it's really like to work at a music store


added a somewhat unusual review I want you but not yet denied. At this point, may I ask a video series by Ellis Avery, an employee recommended in a music shop.

shocking one hand, on the other hand, bizarre and yet somehow funny posting the following men, under the title
What it's really like to work at a music store

30-second clips on YouTube. What is worse I have personally experienced only in the guitar department at the Musikmesse in Frankfurt allowed. Hardly imagine having to experience this every day. But fortunately we have the luxury of a volume control on our computers. Have fun with this shocking but with some comedic VLog. Ultra entertaining.

Thursday, August 12, 2010

Infiniti Eurosport St950 Elliptical

The rocket propulsion: new technological horizons, well-known difficulties

Since the 40s of the 20th Century, humanity is using the missile technology to the nearly unlimited movement in three dimensions. As a powerful weapon they ensured the German army for months a military superiority in Service of scientific research, it revolutionized the exploration of space. By the detonation of some scientific and technological barriers, the world war of missiles in a new age was promoted.


operating principle of a rocket


is ideally as a possible drag-free flight body moved a missile to the physical recoil law through the room. The basic principle can be offset by the momentum of two of the other repulsive body to explain: When a mass thrown off in one direction, providing a pulse, while the repulsive O BJECTS get a Against impulse in the other direction causes. For example, a moving vessel gives the momentum by returning the water pushes the water or put a counter-impulse. The law can be illustrated in a fluid picture:


The physical laws are in a simple fluid picture (two pots with water and a hose) shows representative. The widths of the vessels represent the masses, the filling levels above and below the black "zero line" set the Abstossgeschwindigkeiten the moving bodies dar. The greater the impulse (product of velocity times Mass) in a direction that works, the greater the pulse counter in the other direction (in the picture is colored blue).



The rocket engine is the only technology to get around in empty space. The pulse can be done by mass shift on both sides, according to the principle of a water rocket; The body pushes a portion of its mass. Pulse can also be generated by a pressure (1 Pa = 1 kg / m ^ 2), which drives away the object, without affecting the rejection of a mass is relevant. The latter method is much more efficient and is usually applied. As rocket engines do not work with air displacement, we construct rockets as aerodynamic, with a low drag coefficient (drag coefficient).


historical development

Necessity is the mother of invention: While in Germany as early as the mid-30 he was years ago a development program funded for space have been in this field only achieved tangible progress, as the problems had already arrived. The come under fire Germany needed a powerful weapon with which they could counter the number of moderately superior enemies without needlessly sacrificing their own nationals. Thus, a whole series of unmanned missile was developed.


The cruise missile Fieseler Fi 103:

He was colloquially as "retaliation weapon (V1)" well-known predecessor of the modern rocket. This unmanned flying object is not necessarily a rocket in the strict sense, since this device was able to fly by or under the influence of air resistance, so they needed to start a ramp to produce under their wings the appropriate air traffic. Technically, however, was steering the V1 is an important milestone in the development of today's rocket: The primitive autopilot was already able to meet the objective approximately.




works essentially the autopilot with a gyroscope (gyro compass, which is independent of the geomagnetic field at the axis of rotation of the earth-oriented by the law of conservation of angular momentum (kg * m ^ 2 * s ^ -1)). Moreover, an anemometer Zählpropeller (the distance flown determined by the air flow) on the front attached to the tip of the missile.

provides the thrust behind the top-mounted Verpuffungsstrahltriebwerk a useful purpose for such low-cost version of the "normal" aircraft engine. The hull of the cruise missile, there are two 150-bar compressed air-filled balls (in the picture to see behind the wing) which controls the combustion process in engine consent obtained: In front blinds closed, the fuel-air mixture is ignited by a spark plug and directed by the expanding gas to back through the exhaust nozzle. After this procedure reduces the excess pressure in the engine and speed reasons, it increases the front, which opens the blinds and the inside again provides an automated air traffic. Objects that are fired from a carrier aircraft can therefore dispense with the pressure vessel.


The Fieseler Fi 103 was developed in 1942 by German weapons technicians and aviation. Propaganda Minister Dr. Goebbels issued this flying bomb the populist Name "Vengeance Weapon", as they came in response to the bombing of Hamburg harbor against British troops in use. was introduced in 1943, the A4 rocket as a second retaliatory weapon, they decided on the abbreviations V1 and V2.


The approximately 2,200-pound Fi 103 reached a speed of 574 km / h, 3 km altitude and a range of 370 km. The autopilot provides an accuracy of 12 km. The aircraft was equipped with 847 kg Amatol (very effective mixture of TNT and fertilizers).

Modular Series:


The real breakthrough in missile technology was developed shortly after the development of the "V1" in the northern German Peenemünde. After the aggregate models 1,2 and 3, which did not meet the desired requirements of the A4 as the whiz kid "Vengeance Weapon 2" was introduced. This is one of the most technologically advanced missiles, which have been built so far.


drive

for the rocket engine has an explosive mixture of 75% ethyl alcohol and 25% oxygen are joined together before it ignited in the combustion chamber and the exhaust nozzle is ejected. This requires a pump, which promotes a second 150 l of liquid. This pump is driven at a high-pressure turbine by the decomposition of calcium permanganate and hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) must be transported by cooling with compressed nitrogen. (This process is known from the U-boat technology: 2 H2O2 -> 2 H2O + O2 + heat). This mixture is burned, finally, in the nozzle creates a temperature of 2,700 ° C, so the combustion chamber walls must be cooled with alcohol channels. Effect obtained there as an over pressure of 18 bar, which causes a thrust of 270N, 300N, even in space, an even more topical today Value. be


navigation

On failure of the former radio and computer science technology had initially committed remote control trials as "unfeasible" explains. Therefore, this missile is equipped with an autopilot (attitude control) from working with top management and Schaltuhrtechnik. The centrifugal control consists of rotating disks and uses the principle of conservation of angular momentum, which states that each rotating body strives to maintain the rotation. Thus, the unmanned device are sent specifically to his journey. The switch is intended that these centrifugal control 3-4 seconds after the vertical Launch of the rocket in the direction so far, tends to the unit takes up the desired trajectory.



control and trajectory correction

When trying a pencil on its tip on a finger balancing aside, one could imagine that occur kinematic problems in a rocket launch. Even if a missile is designed as symmetrically as possible, its trajectory is deflected by external influences quickly, which must be corrected by constantly.


Once the aircraft by its speed a sufficient flow of air strips, the rudder can be moved to the tail wings by servo motors. In the initial phase, when the flying object has no sufficient speed, the 4 gas thruster (shown colored red) take on the flight path corrections.


material claims

The 14 m high, 12.5-ton floor-to-ground missile in the initial phase accelerated to over 1,150 m / sec, or around 3,700 km / h, until it is over 100,000 m in the universe is. There she bows her bow back toward Earth and the aim of the enemy country in the fall flight, in which they have a speed of Mach 5 (about 5,000 km / h). The material must be on the one hand because of flown height differences a pressure and temperature difference of 100,000 Pa, and 300 ° C, and because of the entry speed in the troposphere, can at the result from the air friction on the sheath temperature of 600 ° C, can take it. Even if the covering is made of solid steel, the liquid tank bewandet twice and the whole building is equipped with a cooling system that allowed explosives that may explode in less than 200 ° C can not be carried. So the A4/V2 has Amatol 1,000 kg, which in this severe impact leaves behind indelible marks. not

completed projects

While the mass production of the successful A4 from 250 to 500 units per month would have to be increased, were in the German space station in Peenemünde already other projects planned and tested. After the dropped projects were A5-A7 to A8. A9 and the A10 to be effective. However, these space bodies were not realized because of the war for the Germans becoming uncomfortable situation, that they were no longer beyond the planning and testing phases.

The A8 would be a booster rocket for a satellite has become the long-range radio link would have allowed for flying objects. There would be the A4 (V2) has been restricted to the radio-controlled precision autopilot replaced. Next we dreamed of a global network of satellite system, yielding (A10 would be through the carrier rocket was launched into space), the intercontinental missile A9 would have directed to your destination. The A9/10 would then have the nickname 'America Rocket' to get, as this would have been able to meet the military port of New York. The A8 had the satellite (geostationary-orbit) must carry at 36,000 km altitude, so-called "Low-earth-orbit" systems with horizontally moving bodies were not planned.

Future Entwicklug

Whether GPS, telephone and TV transmission via satellite or the observation of space with telescopes and space probes-Man is now practiced, the space technology for economic, to use military and scientific purposes. What has been proven painfully good 70 years ago seems now to be playful manageable.

If, however, regard the other day as the British astrophysicist Stephen Hawking published thesis that man to life calls from outside of the earth seems obvious how much the technology is still in its infancy. According to the statement of the physics Prfessors man must in the next 200 years, be prepared to remove the long term from the earth and colonize other planets, if he wants to survive long term. The tight schedule of 200 years, it is based on the end sympathetic to natural resources and growing environmental problems. could have never received a species in the long run if they are not spreading: The basic idea of this assertion seems logical. Is also the man no new habitats, he also will remain one day only in fossil From.

This aspect has the human race barely moved from the base of space development. The new horizons that space has been delivered to us, has so far only made known to us that we have to deal still with initial problems.

Sources:

-quarterly magazine for free historical research, issue 4 / 1999, Castle Hill Publishers, report on innovation from Werner von Braun

- luftarchiv.de; about aviation and weapons technology

- published information of the Imperial War Museum, London

Pictures:

Stephan Riediker, London, 2010




Saturday, July 17, 2010

Wii From Canada In Australia

curious Research: Brain to Midi

who have not had enough of reac-table, dexter jazz mutant lemur and times should be familiar with this topic. Not too long ago I came across an entry in a Glossary I would like to share with you a source of inspiration and it has brought me much to smile but also to think. Before I take this position and ask for your opinions, please post in question:
Brain-to-MIDI The control of electronic musical instruments by alpha waves of the human brain (cerebral action currents, which can be recorded with the EEG) and heart rate (heart action currents that are recorded with the ECG), an attempt since the sixties. Currently there are serious efforts under way to use the frequencies obtained by digitization of such bodies MIDI information to control sound generators, which are collectively referred to as narcotics. The conscious individual influence of said body prepares frequencies still needs problems. from: Encyclopedia of Sound Technology, © 1995 Wolfgang Schiffner, Bärenreiter Verlag, 2nd Edition 2003, p. 12, ISBN 3-7618-1228-0
It would be interested to know how far it still in the research today deutsprachigem space Is feasible if technical developments in this direction and could Nieschenprodukte incurred thereby. Would it therefore not possible to teach as well as physically handicapped people to play the piano? brain waves that simple thoughts such as left / right and black / white already can be interpreted reliably confirm the latest developments in the field already. It is possible, for example - to control cursor by thought-currents of computers - with a little technical effort. Certainly on a limited level, but quite practical.

As an employee at
State Institute for Music Research in Berlin, but I'm
more interested in the musical benefits of this technology. Interfaces and protocols such as OSC (Open Sound Control) and software solutions such as puredata or Max / MSP could generate currents in the EEG-modifiable Control Voltages (CV) or MIDI signals. So it would be possible, for example, control the modulation depth of a LFO (Low Frequency Oscillator) by currents of thought, which is also a binary situation. main problem remains: how do you get an EEG? If anyone has one in the basement, should he say me know.
Otherwise I am open to all creative ideas. Is it possible to build an EEG as yourself? So with electrodes that send the brain signals via USB to the computer? Ought to be doable, right? intended for you. An American, a little bizarre contemporary times, the whole reacted with a toy. I think this video illustrates very well what I have just written, and why it will probably take a while until we obtained with this method really useful results.



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Monday, July 12, 2010

Motorola Phone Tools 4.2.1.a.

moon trip: based on scientific studies of our atmosphere

The scientifically documented implementation of Mondfarht should form a basis of science are explained more precisely and viewed from different perspectives. What basic skills for this are provided and what it delivers?

Gross was once the euphoria when the NASA in 1969 was the first trip to the moon. This previously almost unattainable project was the result of a successful combination of German rocket technology and computer science-Anglo-Saxon and navigation technologies. For the time being was the social benefit of the moon trip is that the ailing Western confidence after the devastating civil war 1939 - 1945 recovered. As a symbol of decades actually necessary cohesion of Western nations are serious Marxist threat was good for this historic achievement.
For me this project is now much more in science than political Interests, as can be observed outside the Earth, in a world with so much other basic conditions of operations that are performed on the earth for granted and therefore difficult to study leave. Many aspects can naturwissenschaftliceh in practice almost exclusively through a real implementation of a project space occupied and demonstrated.
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radiation outside the Earth's atmosphere

Besides the atmosphere, the earth of a magnetosphere surrounding the so-called Van Allen belts. This is a layer in the Earth's magnetic field deflects the charged particles of solar wind. only in the polar regions, a portion of the solar wind to get below the exosphere where it is visible as the aurora under ideal conditions. An unprotected man would be killed in the Van Allen belts are actually doing when he was staying there long enough, because there the concentration diverse, widely scattered radiation in space is particularly high. Highly sensitive electronic equipment and on board fishing dividend organisms must therefore be protected by a sufficiently thick steel and lead wall. The faster a spacecraft passes through the electromagnetic layer, the lower the risk of damage to its cargo. A manned rocket shoots through the magnetosphere within about an hour.
is outside this belt, eg on the moon, a body mainly exposed to direct sunlight to the aggressive short-wave radiation. Since prevail on the moon several extreme conditions (light exposure, temperature, Vacuum ,...), must be already designed a protective suit follows resistant that he thus an essential part of the X-ray and gamma radiation shielding. For example, it is on the moon on the day by the lack of atmosphere is much brighter than on Earth, so a helmet plate is coated with an obscuring layer, which simultaneously also provides some protection against other radiation.
Verschienenen studies have shown that astronauts go the increased risk of late effects, among other things because of this radiation dose. However, these are also many other groups of people affected, such as a flight crew of long-range aircraft, the least number of hours per day about three-quarters of the air mass can be considered among themselves, just as X-rays are not just a harmless affair. According to interest group, these problems like under-or overstated, since referring investigations are difficult because almost everyone is enriched with various activities of a certain dose of this kind.
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extreme lighting conditions on the moon
As indicated in the last section appears on the moon, the sun is much brighter than on Earth, this is due to the lack of atmosphere. Not Only the space suits have to have tinted windows, but all the photos that were made there had to be darkened with a camera made in order to detect anything. Sun Moon images have generally a different visual appearance than it actually looks like on the moon, because you faint objects did not recognize, like the stars. Color images could, depending on the darkened light wave spectrum distorting color and have very bright spots shine so strongly that when a camera reticle sometimes the crosshair is photographed. The scattering of light is there, so from the ground, which is also a change in direction for the shading Consequences.
Nice to know: night lights "full Earth" on the moon 20 times as strong as the full moon on Earth, due to the size ratios, absence of the lunar atmosphere and the light scattering of the Earth's atmosphere.
We can imagine the way that the world would look like for us if the planet were not surrounded by a shell of gas, or what the world is clear for us when a change in its thickness, which for example, a any Mars mission could be of interest or changes in our Erdatmospähre.
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motion of a body in a vacuum
The presence of the air we are accustomed to, that certain movements to play a certain scheme. So it can happen very many strange that on the dusty lunar soil at the Apollo 11 landing and the start was not great swirl of dust, which can could expect at least the 14.5-ton object. This can be understood, however, by a simple calculation: The force of gravity on the moon is about one sixth of the earth, weighing 14.5 t there, so just by 2.4 t. Thus, a force of 23,500 N needed to lift the capsule, propelled by a nozzle with an area of 1.47 m ^ 2 It follows that the pressure of the gases emerging from the nozzle corresponds to approximately 1,600 kg per m ^ 2, which represents about 16% of the air pressure at sea level (1 bar = 100,000 N / m ^ 2). It should also want to expand in the vacuum, the gases emerging from the nozzle faster than all the pages on the earth the case.
Just steps from the landing site from the lunar surface therefore showed no changes due to the jet exhaust of the lunar lander. This means that even the footprints of the astronauts remained so well preserved as full. This is a consequence of the fact that the dust grains when they are thrown away, moving in an ideal parabolic career back to the ground and not float around so long and spread widely. Exactly, you can watch the moon vehicle that drives through the desert moon dust: The heavier debris and fine dust falls on the wheels in unison in the same Car down, which under the influence of a gas layer would not be possible.
Moving in such a pressure suit is extremely cumbersome and works through the pressure differences between outside and inside the suit as an inflated envelope. If you consider that we are exposed to sea level at a pressure of about 10,000 kg per m ^ 2, the body compensates by nature "from within", one can imagine, would dominate any excess pressure in the human body when it without cover in space is irrelevant. That was also when setting up the U.S. flag to see how cumbersome it rammed the pole into the ground. Since, according to American Tradition, a flag should always look like they would blow in the wind, they attached it with a horizontal bar. So you can see by the continuous auspendelnden flapping of the flag had to be met with such difficulty the mast into the ground.
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investigation of the battered moon material
The test material was brought total about 380 kg of lunar rock to Earth. On the one hand were various minerals such as Tranquilityit and Armalcolit be noted, that material is also to be found on the earth. It was also the lack of atmosphere in only high amounts of searchable 3He and other previously unknown part of the neptunium isotopes such as 237Np determined. The rock also contains an unusually high proportion of uranium 235 U and short-lived radioactive isotopes, caused by the continuous exposure in space. Thus, the lunar rock samples differ chemically from the material which can be assumed on the ground. In addition, the moon rocks with impacts of small meteorites in the size of a few cubic millimeters littered on-an effect that is on earth in the last 4 mia. Years, thanks to the atmosphere would not have taken place since the body would burn up that size. The moon dust is therefore unchanged from meteorite dust, which it is everywhere and evaporated upon entry into the Earth's atmosphere.
Also missing from the lunar rocks, the bedrock on the usual water shell, as the water evaporates completely in a vacuum. From the samples of the Apollo missions, ETH Zurich, the age of the moon to about 4.5 mia. Years to determine.
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control of the device by rocketry
quite as simple as a rocket launch look like the whole game is not. You have to remember that not only on earth, the wind, but inside the cabin by the moving man's career could change very quickly if the drive could not balance. As the early 40's in Germany The first missile tests were conducted, the rocket scientists had to deal mainly with this problem. On behalf of the German Wehrmacht during the war, rapid progress has been made to the missile technology for long distance and has been perfected even for space rockets. At that time, the whole trajectory of the missile was calculated before the launch, and set before the flight. Since the flight direction are corrected by constantly needs the missiles hit their target only inaccurate, which also shows that control-related requirements for space are required.
way: The extended version of the unit 4 (A4 or V-2 rocket) in 1945 was the first space capable missile, the precision because of the time insufficient computers, navigation and telecommunications equipment was limited. This was not, however, essentially meaning critical to the progress of the war.
(top: Fi 103 - V1 rocket or 1942 / image below: Trip to the Moon 1969).

source and images
quarterly magazine for free historical research, issue 4 / 02;
Publisher: Castle Hill Publishers (UK)
scientific basis of Germar Rudolf *
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* The German chemist Germar Rudolf looked at various historical events of the 20th Century could and with similar arguments I set out here have to prove that the moon trip actually took place, bringing the "conspiracy theory" to the moon trip opponent was disproved. After all, NASA and several thousand in about 20,000 Zulieferungsfirmen total of 300,000 employees, so you can imagine how difficult it would be if you wanted to start such a project as a secret mission or something else concealed from the public would.