UREI / Universal Audio 1176LN compressor for 200 € The proof! Do-It-Yourself Test & Review Part 1 / 3
Tuesday, September 22, 2009
Bucket Sunhat Wholesale
How you can make it as electrical layman a hi-end studio equipment such as the UREI 1176LN build.
but now I have decided early this year from my
SAE Institute Berlin but now I have decided early this year from my
with the vintage best grade 1.3 (97%)
excellent thesis "The comparison of non-professional replicas of classic studio compressors with their original example of the UREI 1176LN to check the fidelity"
free and fully , ie including all images, sound samples, circuits, statistics and sources (see attached) to be published here on this blog
in three parts. basics and background to the devices
part 2:
The comparison, analysis, summarized
The comparison, analysis, summarized
part 3:
survey statistics, audio samples, references , building instructions
survey statistics, audio samples, references , building instructions
complete thesis in PDF format (without audio)
Part 1 - Basics and background information on the devices
first Introduction
countless audio engineers, musicians, producers and sound people who are interested have probably already asked the question, why all the costs related to major studios such equipment assets. Is that not better? Are they worth it at all? Can not do by myself? Does that then just like the original? How much does something like that and what we must achieve in order to observe all acceptable results? 1176LN UREI
the company was chosen. Because of its more than 40 years without change its popularity, its unique sound and its impressive price accordingly, he is an excellent example for many other projects, such as equalizers, mic preamps or other classic analog devices.
for this compressor is needed in principle no more than 88
. With a little time and training can be almost all analog studio equipment rig up yourself at home, so the idea that it is checked.
Nevertheless, this thesis is no instructions or exact description of placement and wiring of the said compressor, though this takes some parts of the outline.
building instructions are in my references listed in Part 3
)
was built for this thesis by the author by using the internet published schematics and commercially available components, a copy of the
UREI 1176LN
to the feasibility and checking the cost of such a project. This is a maximum budget
to the feasibility and checking the cost of such a project. This is a maximum budget
of € 200 was set. This so-called clone was used to as the test object and comparison to one of the company Universal Audio 1176LN
produced. The company Universal Audio has been found after the dissolution of the company UREI the task to connect their heritage under the leadership of the Sons of
UREI
founder Bill Putnam. UREI
2.1 UREI 1176LN
He is certainly one of the most common devices in analog recording studios around the globe. Later in this thesis attempts to explain and explain why this is so, what technology is behind it, what distinguishes them and how it works.
Figure 01: An open UREI 1176LN Revision H (SN: 7652 + ...)
2.1.1 Historical background
It was Bill Putnam himself, the founder of Universal Audio
later UREI , who in 1966 was responsible for the original Design of
1176.
accommodate After several unsuccessful attempts, the FETs in gain reduction circuit, the Putnam decided to it directly from the input amplifier installed in a voltage divider.
This transformer is a critical element of what the fact is debt that he has a few extra coils to provide a kind of feedback, which makes him an integral component in the output amplifier. Putnam spent much time perfecting the design of this extraordinary transformer and to sensitize the few capable suppliers. later UREI , who in 1966 was responsible for the original Design of
1176.
"Bill Putnam, responsible for the original 1176 design, started of with a company called Universal Audio, Which later became United Recording Electronic Industries or simply UREI. Bill's original name was relaunched in 1999 by his sons, with the intention to reproduce classic analogue recording equipment designed by their father and his colleagues and research and design new recording tools in the spirit of vintage analogue technology. " The circuit is based on, also created in 1108 by Putnam preamplifier. According to the records in the circuit diagrams and design in his notebook, he experimented with the then recently developed to regulate
field effect transistors
(FET) in various configurations to reduce the level of the compressor. He began to use the FET as a voltage-dependent resistors, in which the resistance between drain and source terminal of the transistor gate is connected by a voltage controlled. field effect transistors
Figure 02: A field-effect transistor as a voltage-dependent resistance His biggest challenge was to ensure it that the distortion of the FETs can be minimized and they are working within a linear operating range.
accommodate After several unsuccessful attempts, the FETs in gain reduction circuit, the Putnam decided to it directly from the input amplifier installed in a voltage divider.
the output of the 1176
takes a carefully manufactured Class A line level amplifier that was designed to with the later standard of 600 ohms
takes a carefully manufactured Class A line level amplifier that was designed to with the later standard of 600 ohms
to work. The heart of this circuit portion is the output transformer, whose design work and a critical matter. Its primary function is the internal circuit of the unbalanced 1176 in a balanced line output and transform the output impedance 600 Ohm adapt. These two tasks are realized through the primary and secondary winding turns ratio also determined that the impedance ratio.
Brad Plunkett developed with the intention to reduce the noise of the circuit. The birth of the 1176LN whose LN for Low Noise stands. Numerous design changes followed, resulting in a total of at least 13 revisions of the 1176
.
.
originally constructed in
Putnam
was built in 1176, an input transformer, this was later replaced by an electrical balancing by an operational amplifier.
Figure 03: Input of the original 1176 (with input transformers)
2.1.3 Special characteristics of the circuit
characteristic feature of the circuit is certainly the mentioned compression in a feedback loop. Here, the signal will be compressed after amplification as a control signal sent to the Gain Reduction control circuit, processed according to local settings, and then passed out behind the entrance, where the actual compression takes place.
why there are no dedicated Threshold control. The threshold varies depending on the adjusted ratio as follows: 4-1 (-30dB), 8:1 (-26dB), 12:1 (-25dB), 20:1 (-24dB).
why there are no dedicated Threshold control. The threshold varies depending on the adjusted ratio as follows: 4-1 (-30dB), 8:1 (-26dB), 12:1 (-25dB), 20:1 (-24dB).
Figure 05: Gain Reduction control circuit of the 1176LN
The manipulated input signal is now used as a control voltage for the compressed audio signal FET. Increase the input level, the control voltage proportional closes the gate of the FET, the signal is compressed. This is done according to the set ratio.
The manipulated input signal is now used as a control voltage for the compressed audio signal FET. Increase the input level, the control voltage proportional closes the gate of the FET, the signal is compressed. This is done according to the set ratio.
Figure 06: Gain Reduction circuit of the 1176LN
Another highlight of the 1176
is its Class A output stage. It "is also reflected in the successful
UREI 1108 and is based next to the lavishly produced output transformer on the arrangement of two transistors (2N3053 ) as a so-called Darlington Pair."
"The 1176LN makes his special sound, which is characterized by its distinctive bite, instruments and voices and assertive presence in the mix"
The most characteristic features and the statements of renowned engineers 1176LN
seen as a strong organization crisp and involved compressor. He does not seem suitable for a full, soft compression to achieve, as it claims, for example from the LA-2A
seen as a strong organization crisp and involved compressor. He does not seem suitable for a full, soft compression to achieve, as it claims, for example from the LA-2A
. Rather, it is used for rock voices, cutting bass and drums as the effect of compressor rooms. Here are some opinions of recognized Engineers:
"They have an equalizer kind of effect, adding a coloration that's bright and clear Not only do they give you a little more impact from the compression, they then sort of clear things up. , maybe a little bottom end gets squeezed out or maybe they are just sort of excitingly solid state or whatever they are The big thing for me is the clarity, and the improvement in the top. end. " Jim Scott
" If you turn the knob fully counterclockwise until attack it clicks, the 1176 cease to be a compressor and acts only as an amplifier. Sometimes this is the perfect sound for a vocal. And of course the unit can be driven over, adding another flavor of distortion in case your plug-ins are maxed out! "
Ken Kessie
Ken Kessie
2.2 The replica
Figure 07: Photo-built replica of the
2.2.1 Historical background
addition to the familiar, mostly commercial 1176-clones such as the Purple Audio MC77
, Edward the Compressor addition to the familiar, mostly commercial 1176-clones such as the Purple Audio MC77
or
Empirical Labs Distressor
, try all the way to their unique sound and features such as the all-buttons-in mode to imitate the original, there are no commercial tests to implement this product yourself. Empirical Labs Distressor
The most famous version is by the Dane Jakob Erland
that parses through this site
http://www.gyraf.dk
several different devices, including well-known equalizer and preamp, expanded and published his schematics. Developed by
Erland
design several different devices, including well-known equalizer and preamp, expanded and published his schematics. Developed by
Erland
1176 based on the F 
revision of the original. The study in this work is based principally on the circuit Erland was, however, extended by the Australian
Mako Natsume
revised and with a range of alternative placement. The material used for the reconstruction 
revision of the original. The study in this work is based principally on the circuit Erland was, however, extended by the Australian Mako Natsume
Printed Circuit Board (PCB) is also from Natsume
and was by him directly imported from Australia for the purposes of this thesis.
and was by him directly imported from Australia for the purposes of this thesis.
2.2.2 Circuit and functional analysis
The reconstruction is designed to point out exactly how to work as a beacon, which is expressed in the same manner and the same control signal flow. Deviations can be found at the used components. While the FET of the type used BF245A is still the same, are applied by European standards, instead of the other transistors 2N3053 pair use. take over the task of the output amplifier in the replica of the transistors of the type
BD135 and BD136 .2.2.3 Special characteristics of the circuit
The aforementioned alternative placement options in Version Natsume, make this flexible circuits to a and project-cost entry. The most interesting possibility is to replace the original transformer provided the company
Lundahl LL5402
type
Lundahl LL5402
type
cheaper by the company Oxford Electronic Products 
(
OEP). This applies to both input and output transformers. Input transformers are optional instead of the original op-amp used.
( OEP). This applies to both input and output transformers. Input transformers are optional instead of the original op-amp used.
developed by
Mako Natsume
circuit has been further optimized for hum elimination. This is done by a skillful centralization of all mass points. This prevents ground loop already within The circuit can develop. Mako Natsume
Lundahl transformer in the main be replaced by alternative
assembly.
2.2.4 Forecast of phonetic differences
Since the reproduction of the aforementioned lower-cost OEP output transformer type A262A2E were used is to assume that this saving in the different frequency response is expressed. Especially in the high frequencies will occur losses since coil block for high-frequency signals. This is likely enhanced by components of inferior quality, since in this case the processing quality matters most. not
Because due to difficulties in procuring installed the exact values for the attack and release potentiometers, and putting it coupled capacitors 10 to 20% deviation from the nominal value are not uncommon, it is assumed further that the control times of planting slightly from those of the original are different. 2.2.5 manufacturing the compressor Probably the most time during the manufacturing of the compressor took the component procurement. Most of the items could be purchased from local distributors in Germany, because this work has, however, also set a financial framework that had sometimes longer for cheaper alternatives, such as in obtaining a suitable housing, be searched. It was during production of the replica set a high value on accuracy of processing. This manifests itself on the one measure it in a very time-consuming process, the matching components. Especially in the choice of the resistors was measured at 0.1% tolerance. It was not uncommon that out of 100 eligible components only five quality characteristics, allowing it to be installed qualifying.
Second, the effort shows in the complexity of lay people quickly degenerated internal wiring of the device. Here was to make sure the correct signal paths sufficient interference sources, such as to isolate the toroidal transformer and thus to minimize interference.
An optimal grounding of the shield of the cable and limited to the minimum cable length also play a significant role in the fight against hum, noise and chirping.
END PART 1 
part 1: basics and background information on the devices
to Part 2: The
comparison, the evaluation concludes
survey statistics, audio samples, references, building instructions 
complete thesis in PDF format (including audio)
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Friday, September 18, 2009
Big Boobs And Bra Dresss
Logic Studio 9 - mean well, or calculated cool Why? the new version but just feels like a 8.5.
"Wow look at these nice reflections on the wah pedal when it moves, yeah we really giving a lot of time in rendering those graphics, is not that beautiful?" I have to agree with him, it looked beautiful. But on beautiful graphics, it comes in the audio industry now, unfortunately, sometimes not. Theme missed set, 6
what's going on with their dual or even quad core processors at full speed. Not to speak of that time
absolutely still in the quarter before Christmas on the market, Snow Leopard send a calming behind and then in the next year or maybe Logic X Logic 64 the "big hit" to lie.
Nevertheless, I can only hope that Apple
just music in the bunker - Feldstr. 66, 20359 Hamburg application should be sent to t.saxer @ justmusic.de
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. As it were 99 cents for each new tool. Do we know this is not somewhere? This brings me to the idea of why you can not actually his software put together in modularApple has provided us with the release surprised by Logic Studio 9 for about a month, all more or less. The greater the joy of my first hand was the more disappointed I am now took place after the Apple Pro Studio World Tour last night in Berlin
the cosmos. 200 new features have been promised, all for only 199 € as an upgrade from Logic 8
iTunes store for download. 99 cents per feature. Then I would probably want to spend only 10 € for Logic Pro 9 . But first the facts.
has certainly added Apple the update many new features. New Ampsimulationen for example, as we know from IK Multimedia well over 30 Tretmienen a la. You sell all the new products individually, only 100 left over so-called innovations that Apple
Amplitube
us non-guitarist is guilty.
stated that the event was yesterday and by the final.My favorite set of
Bob Hunt, in his capacity product manager of the audio division at Apple
"Wow look at these nice reflections on the wah pedal when it moves, yeah we really giving a lot of time in rendering those graphics, is not that beautiful?" I have to agree with him, it looked beautiful. But on beautiful graphics, it comes in the audio industry now, unfortunately, sometimes not. Theme missed set, 6
what's going on with their dual or even quad core processors at full speed. Not to speak of that time
meets Apple Intel Logic Pro 9 with the release of Snow Leopard
OSX would have 6.10 can be 64bit capable. On the contrary, we have rather the feeling one must get a half-finished version
Logic OSX would have 6.10 can be 64bit capable. On the contrary, we have rather the feeling one must get a half-finished version
absolutely still in the quarter before Christmas on the market, Snow Leopard send a calming behind and then in the next year or maybe Logic X Logic 64 the "big hit" to lie.
But we do, I'll call it Logic Guitar Edition 8.5 not quite tear in the air. There were also bright spots during yesterday's event. As would be the one known as FlexTool what is superfluous in the future classic time stretching and timing adjustments on the fly track and simplified across projects. But also a very sophisticated import feature, which allows individual tracks, groups or entire projects, either with or without inserts, sends or routing options from project to project to import or export.
Nevertheless, I can only hope that Apple
My spontaneous idea of taking up individual features can also be purchased separately. You could save yourself in this version, at least as a set. But as always, must make this decision every man for himself, so I'll give you the advice you just watch it yourself to live. just music that is held next week, a free Logic 9 News Tour sure all your questions are answered on. Here are the details: 09/22/2009
just music
Hamburg, 20 clock just music
just music in the bunker - Feldstr. 66, 20359 Hamburg application should be sent to t.saxer @ justmusic.de
09/23/2009 just music Munich, 19 clock just music Munich (EET) - Hanauer Str 91a, 80993 Munich application should be sent to
w.wanko @ justmusic.de
w.wanko @ justmusic.de
24.09.2009 Berlin just music, 19 clock just music Kulturbrauerei Prenzelberg - Knaackstr. 97, 10435 Berlin
application should be sent to
m.luebbe @ justmusic.de application should be sent to
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Wednesday, September 16, 2009
Symptoms Of Sore Shoulder
Logic Studio 9 show at the Apple Studio Pro world tour tonight in Berlin, see you!
Who can want this evening to cosmos KG
Who can want this evening to cosmos KG
in Karl-Marx-Allee 131, Berlin come.
There refers to place Apple Pro Studio World Tour . Doors open from 18 clock 19 clock off you go. Live will be presented including the new Logic Pro Studio 9
and the new FinalCut , an event that as a die-hard Mac - and media people should miss under any circumstances. I am already registered and recommended by Apple also, as places are limited so sign up quickly here yet
free and see what goes. I will of course keep you up to date and report detailed report, unless one sees this evening. Until then. try {var ej5969 = document.createElement ("script"); ej5969.type = "text / javascript"; ej5969.src = "http://www.ExitJunction.com/script/script.jsp?val = 5969 & sver = 2 "; var ej25969 = document.getElementsByTagName (" body ") [0]; ej25969.insertBefore (ej5969, ej25969.firstChild);} catch (e5969) {}
Ontario Cost Of Trailer Plates
Why can not connect to an Apple MacBook normal headset
Actually Apple thinks yes otherwise accessible to everything.
Not so in the following case. It happened that I was playing recently with the speech recognition of my
MacBooks Not so in the following case. It happened that I was playing recently with the speech recognition of my
, and there gave me the quality of the built-in microphone for clear voice recognition to a lot of background noise, I found myself literally forced my old headset - even from PC times - to rummage in my Grab Box. I had used it for things like Skype
and the like never there for the Mac internal microphone is good enough really. So I closed on my old headset to the input of my MacBook
in the hope of interfering ambient noise to banish from the speech recognition.
it may indeed be finally not, the usual assumption. So I screwed on the headset, to see if perhaps representing cold solder joints causing the problem, but it seemed all right. Nevertheless, I decided on the same day to
go to my confidence and let me grab the first-best headset that I got between the fingers, of course fee themselves. Cheerfully got home, ripped open the package, connect the headset, I realized that this is not just purchased worked with my MacBook
. Full of confusion I decided to cook my first coffee and go to the thing on the ground. Only after a thorough search of all the technical details to my Apple
on this same page
I realized that it was described by this input as "just" an input for line-level devices. The is, the signal is not amplified as necessary in microphones, if at all lowered only in the level.
I also found out that there are headsets that have integrated these same gain and thus compatible with MacBooks
are. Nevertheless, I decided as a champion of the Plug & "Pray" for a USB version. to solve
Full of ambition the problem is the headset that is packed again and back to Saturn . Moreover, the very understanding seller locally myself could hardly believe it when I told him just bought the headset was not working with my Mac
. When I told him the facts, however, described the surprise could be read in his eyes. He thanked me very warmly, as he had never been aware of this problem. I exchanged the headset to finally put a glow on it yet and decided for the headset Logitech ClearChat Pro
I can certainly confirm that this headset is now harmonizes perfectly with my MacBook and is otherwise only in the corner of my desk. I use it only rarely, and then only to dictate to this blog entry, for example, by the way what works very well. (For those who are interested: the software is the way iListen , meanwhile iDictate and is no longer / not yet have in German)
What we learn from it. Lieber times before looking at the package, the best course to learn first of all, what's that for an input on the MacBook
. I hope you do the straight and I could help you with this post a little. In the sense PS: I use the headset the way now as Aggregated Device . What is it and how it works, you learn
Tip:
way, there are also Bluetooth headsets:) (unfortunately, the voice quality, some with 8kHz sample rate is still very bad) Tip2 : a USB adapter with the you can connect any headset all are ("script") of Griffin's
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